When the USA used Museveni, the Black Imperialist to assist Western Corporations to Plunder and Loot resources from DR Congo: Museveni’s Neo-liberal Banditry State has been ordered by the ICJ to pay DRC Shs 1 trillion in war reparations

 

The destruction of the Congo says much more about the West than it does about the Central African country. It reveals most clearly that the West is largely a criminal enterprise, the prosperity of which is based on the genocide of Third World people and the theft of their resources. The Congo is perhaps the worst example of this but the West has followed the same policy in Asia, Africa and Latin America for centuries. In this sense, Western countries can be seen as a murderous mafia led by their godfather the United States government for which no amount of blood and wealth is enough.  

http://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/monitor/october-2001-western-heart-darkness

 

FIRST READ:

Asad Ismi , The Western Heart of Darkness: Mineral-rich Congo ravaged by genocide and Western plunder

http://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/monitor/october-2001-western-heart-darkness

Asad Ismi , The Ravaging of Africa, Western neo-colonialism fuels wars, plundering of resources

http://www.policyalternatives.ca/publications/monitor/october-2002-ravaging-africa

 

  The Curse of Gold

https://www.hrw.org/report/2005/06/01/curse-gold 

Chaos by Design: When aggressors become mediators: When wolves pretend to be sheep: The US supports Museveni Congo mediation: M23 rebels capture Goma as the UN looks on: Kabila and Kagame fly to Kampala for talks

http://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2012/11/chaos-by-design-when-aggressors-become.html

 

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It is a neo-liberal ploy to loot Congo resources Stupid! US backed M23 rebels fighting in eastern Congo force hundreds into Uganda

https://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2021/11/it-is-neo-liberal-ploy-to-loot-congo.html 

 

The Wickedness of American Backed Neo-liberal regimes: Did Museveni’s banditry state bomb citizens in Kampala as a pretext to go to DR Congo to loot mineral resources??

https://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2021/12/the-wickedness-of-american-backed-neo.html

 

Helping US corporations and Neo-liberal slave states to primitively accumulate mineral resources in DR Congo: Uganda to build 223km road network inside DRC: Feeding your neighbour’s kids as your own kids starve to death is a very bogus idea

https://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2020/10/helping-us-corporations-and-neo-liberal.html 

 

 which other player is missing???? The USA of course

Uganda ordered to pay DRC Shs 1 trillion in war reparations

https://observer.ug/news/headlines/72725-uganda-ordered-to-pay-drc-shs-1-trillion-in-war-reparations 

February 10, 2022

Written by URN 

The International Court of Justice (ICJ) has ordered Uganda to pay the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) $325 million (about Shs 1 trillion) in reparation for the 1998-2003 war.

The judgment was read by the court’s president, Justice Joan E Donoghue yesterday Wednesday in the Hague, Netherlands.

“The court notes that the reparation awarded to the DRC for damage to persons and to property reflects the harm suffered by individuals and communities as a result of Uganda’s breach of its international obligations,” reads the judgment in part.

DRC dragged Uganda to the International Court in 1999 and in 2005 the court ruled that Uganda had to pay compensation for invading Congo. The court asked the two neighbouring countries to settle compensation out of court but negotiations failed hence returning the case to the court to determine the reparations.

Congo demanded $11 billion in damages from a war that left hundreds of thousands of her people dead and millions displaced.

Uganda has now been ordered to pay the $325 million in instalments of $65 million annually. In 1998, a war erupted in DRC with Uganda and other neighbours like Rwanda and Burundi participating directly and indirectly by supporting several groups fighting then-president Joseph Kabila. 

During the war, Uganda was accused of committing internationally wrongful acts against the people of Congo. Consequently, in a 2005 judgment, the court found Uganda liable for committing internationally wrongful acts which resulted in injury to the DRC and to persons on its territory.

The acts included illegal use of force, violation of sovereignty and territorial integrity, military intervention, occupation of Ituri, violations of international human rights law and of international humanitarian law, looting, plunder, and exploitation of the DRC’s natural resources.

Court then ordered Uganda to pay reparation to Congo but asked two countries to negotiate the amount. General international law provides that a state which bears responsibility for an internationally wrongful act is under an obligation to make full reparation for the injury caused by that act. Negotiations failed and the matter was returned to the ICJ for determination. 

DRC made four major claims for compensation with the first one being damage to a person. This claim consisted of a loss of life costed at $4 billion, injuries to persons was costed at $54 million, $33 million for rape and sexual violence, $30 million for recruitment of child soldiers and 186 million for the displacement of population.

The second major claim was damage to property which was costed at $239 million, damage related to natural resources at $1 billion, and macroeconomics damage was the highest claim at $4 billion. 

Upon assessment, the court awarded compensation of $325 million of which $225 million is for damage to persons, $40 million for damage to property, and $60 million for damage related to natural resources.

The total sum is to be paid in annual instalments of $65 million due on September 1 of each year, from 2022 to 2026. The Court ruled that, should payment be delayed, post-judgment interest at an annual rate of 6 per cent on each instalment will accrue on any overdue amount from the day which follows the day on which the instalment was due. 

Although court ruled that Uganda committed internationally wrongful acts and the injury suffered by the DRC occurred, it disagrees with the assessment of the various forms of damage and the amounts of compensation owed.

DRC had put all the blame on Uganda for the atrocities committed by Ugandan forces but also groups like the Congo Liberation Movement (MLC) and its armed wing, the Congo Liberation Army (ALC). But in their decision, the court exonerated Uganda on paying reparation in some areas where Ugandan forces were not directly involved. Uganda was largely blamed for its own participation through extorting, looting natural resources, plunder, and recruitment of child soldiers among others.

An agent of the DRC told the court that the funds shall be fairly and effectively distributed to victims of harm, under the supervision of organs whose members include representatives of victims and civil society and whose operation is supported by international experts. 

 

Uganda protests ICJ order to pay DRC $325m in war reparations 

https://observer.ug/news/headlines/72731-uganda-protests-icj-order-to-pay-drc-325m-in-war-reparation

February 11, 2022

 

Written by URN

 

 

Government through the ministry of Foreign Affairs has rejected the International Court of Justice (ICJ) ruling that slapped Uganda with a $325 million (Shs 1 trillion) reparation bill for its armed activities in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) between 1998-2003. 

In a statement, the ministry says while the amount awarded is far less than the $11.5 billion sought by DRC, Uganda nevertheless considers the judgment unfair and wrong, just as the 2005 judgment on liability.

“In its 2005 judgment, the court ordered that at the compensation phase, the DR Congo would be required to demonstrate and prove the exact injury that was suffered as a result of specific actions of Uganda constituting internationally wrongful acts for which it is responsible. The DR Congo did not meet the burden the court placed on it. Indeed, during the compensation phase, it did not come forward with evidence of even a single specific injury suffered as a result of any action of Uganda. It is therefore, deeply unclear why the ICJ decided to depart from the requirement it previously imposed on the DR Congo let alone how it arrived at the figure of USD 325 million,” the statement reads in part.

In 2005, ICJ found Uganda culpable of among others plundering the resources of DRC while the Uganda People's Defense Forces (UPDF) carried out armed operations in the vast country. Uganda insists that the findings of wrongdoing by the UPDF widely known as one of the 'most disciplined forces in the world' are false.  

Uganda's Attorney General Kiryowa Kiwanuka also questioned why the UPDF was singled out in a conflict where there were other belligerents.

“The UPDF (Uganda People's Defence Forces) was and remains a disciplined force and a force for good in all the countries it has operated in to this day," wrote Kiwanuka in a statement.

Uganda was in DRC with other countries; Rwanda, Angola, Namibia and Zimbabwe where they engaged in fighting with forces from Congo and in some cases, among themselves. With continued demand from DRC that these leave their country, it was decided at a meeting held in Lusaka, Zambia that all parties cease-fire, release hostages and exchange prisoners of war, forces to disengage immediately, withdraw all foreign forces and for groups within Congo, to engage in a national dialogue.

Kiwanuka argues that the conflict was hence resolved in that peace accord in Lusaka and that the court's decision “is yet another failure to understand or appreciate African matters and makes no contribution to current efforts at resolving, on our own, the security issues that persist."

“Uganda was not alone in DR Congo during the relevant period. The court itself acknowledged the presence of numerous other belligerents. Let it not be forgotten that the conflict was resolved through a peace accord signed, the Lusaka Agreement which confirms the existence of other players during the material; period. It is therefore regrettable that Uganda has been singled out in this fashion. Many will understandably ask; why is Uganda alone that is being asked to pay for whatever supposedly went wrong during the conflict? The answer is that; it is because Uganda has always believed in the international system and hence agreed to subject itself to the jurisdiction of the ICJ in 1963 shortly after independence,” says the statement. 

The statement adds that Uganda regrets that this decision has come at a time when its working relationship with DRC has greatly improved. The two countries are now working together in different areas including security, infrastructure, regional economic integration.

At the end of last year, Uganda and DRC forces launched attacks against the Allied Democratic Forces (ADF) that have been having their bases in eastern Congo.  

“The problems that led to Uganda’s presence in the DR Congo between 1998 and 2003 were not solved then and they are still not solved even now. In any event, Uganda continues to discuss the matter with DR Congo government for purposes of securing a lasting and mutually acceptable solution. Uganda considers the judgment an undue interference in this process and in African affairs generally, a fact towards which the court appears insufficiently sensitive. It is precisely because of such interference by external actors that there is so much chaos on the African continent,” the statement further says.

 

FIRST READ:

Fooling us about Uganda’s neutrality in the Congo Conflict!!! Militarizing the Congo to help USA and allies to rape Congo resources: DRC troops, civilians fleeing to Uganda after rebel clashes

http://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2012/07/fooling-us-about-ugandas-neutrality-in.html

Seeing through the lies, hypocrisy and disinformation antics of the American New world system: US to cut military aid to Rwanda over support of Congo rebels: Oh really!

http://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2012/07/seeing-through-lies-hypocrisy-and.html

UN+UN peace keeping in Congo =American New World Order: UN security council condemns Goma takeover by M23 rebels

http://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2012/11/unun-peace-keeping-in-congo-american.html

Taking us to be fools!!! Four African CLIENT STATES of the US have been tasked by regional governments in the Great Lakes region to form a force of 4,000 troops to fight the M23 rebel group in DR Congo.

http://watchmanafrica.blogspot.com/2012/09/taking-us-to-be-fools-four-african.html

 

 

CHRISTIANS IN AFRICA: AWAKE! America and the American Church Are Not Your Friends

http://www.antipasministries.com/html/file0000234.htm

When Lucifer’s United Nations Supervises the Corporate Plunder of DRC: Over 1,200 civilians killed in two DR Congo provinces this year, says UN

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